Manatees

Crystal River’s spring-fed Kings Bay provides critical winter habitat for the Florida manatee (Trichechus manatus latirostris). When Gulf water temperatures fall, manatees gather around natural springs that remain approximately 72–74°F (22–23°C), allowing them to avoid potentially fatal cold stress. The surrounding Crystal River estuary connects freshwater springs with salt marshes, mangrove islands, seagrass beds, and the Gulf of Mexico. During the designated manatee season, generally November 15 through March 31, protected sanctuaries restrict human access to important resting areas. Carefully regulated snorkeling offers unusual underwater observations of these large herbivorous marine mammals while emphasizing passive viewing and protection of their natural behavior.

Fun Fact: Established in 1983, Crystal River National Wildlife Refuge is the only U.S. national wildlife refuge created specifically to protect the Florida manatee.