Galápagos Fur Seals

The Galápagos fur seal (Arctocephalus galapagoensis) is endemic to the Galápagos Archipelago and is the world’s smallest otariid, the family that includes fur seals and sea lions. Its dense coat, large eyes, short muzzle, and protruding external ears help distinguish it from the larger Galápagos sea lion.

Galápagos fur seals inhabit rugged volcanic shorelines, particularly around the western and northern islands. Because their thick fur makes them susceptible to overheating, they commonly rest beneath lava ledges, inside crevices, and among shaded boulders. They forage mainly at night for fish and squid.

Breeding occurs primarily from August through November. Females usually give birth to one pup and may mate again within approximately five to ten days. Mothers alternate between nursing on shore and feeding at sea. Pups begin entering the water and learning to forage during their first year but may continue nursing for two to three years, an unusually long period among fur seals.

The species is classified as Endangered. Its restricted range and dependence on cool, productive waters make it particularly vulnerable to strong El Niño events, which reduce marine food availability and can cause substantial mortality.